In our daily life, we will find that there are many factors that have a certain impact on the growth of plants. Light intensity is also an important factor affecting plant growth. The growth of plants is achieved by storing organic matter by photosynthesis. Therefore, the light intensity has a great influence on the growth and development of plants, which directly affects the photosynthesis of plants. There is no fixed proportional relationship between light intensity and plant photosynthesis, and the intensity of photosynthesis increases accordingly.
However, when the light intensity exceeds the saturation point of light, the light intensity increases and the photosynthesis intensity does not increase. When the light intensity is too strong, the protoplast will destroy the chlorophyll decomposition, or the cell will lose too much water and the stomata will be closed, causing the photosynthesis to weaken or even stop. When the light intensity is weak, plant photosynthesis produces less organic matter than respiration, and the plant stops growing. Only when the light intensity can meet the requirements of photosynthesis can the plants grow normally.
According to the growth environment of plants, plants can be divided into terrestrial, aquatic, epiphytic, and parasitic. The main factors affecting the total light energy utilization of plants are photosynthetic area, illumination time and broadness. The photosynthetic area mainly refers to the leaf area, which is usually expressed by the leaf area index, that is, the ratio of the total leaf area of the plant to the land area covered by the plant; the photosynthetic time refers to the time of photosynthesis of the plant throughout the year, and the longer the photosynthetic time, the plant The body can accumulate more organic matter and increase yield. Prolonging the photosynthetic time mainly depends on prolonging the life of the leaves and prolonging the growth period of the plants. Photosynthetic capacity refers to the normal carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere and other ecological factors in the optimal state. The maximum net photosynthesis rate of plants.
1, the effect of light intensity on plant growth
Illumination not only provides radiant energy for plant photosynthesis, but also acts as an environmental signal to regulate many physiological processes throughout the plant's life cycle, affecting the morphological structure of plants by regulating the processes of plant growth, differentiation and development. Under different light environments, the function of light-regulating plant morphology is affected, resulting in differences in morphological structure of plants. The effect of light on the growth of various parts of the plant is ultimately manifested in biomass accumulation and distribution. Studies have shown that differences in light conditions and leaf loss can lead to changes in the way plants are distributed. In general, at high light levels, plants increased the biomass allocation of the heel, increasing the biomass allocation to the leaves at low light levels; the distribution of roots and leaves by the plants under moderate light conditions was two Between the leaves, the loss of leaf tissue increased the biomass investment of the leaves, and the results of different treatment stages were different. Under low light conditions, the biomass of leaves lost to leaves was significantly higher than that of leaves under high light. Loss of plants.
The light intensity indicates the amount of surface of the object and the amount of illumination. The light intensity is the largest in the equator and increases with altitude. For example, at 1000 meters above sea level, 70% of all incident solar energy can be obtained, while at sea level of 0 meters, only 50% can be obtained. In addition, the slope of the mountain The slope and slope also have a large effect on the light intensity. In the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere, the southern slopes of the mountains receive more light than the flats, while the flats receive more light than the northern slopes. As the latitude increases, the slope of the maximum annual illumination on the southern slope increases, but on the northern slope, the latitude is smaller and the illumination intensity is greater. The higher slope of the southern slope can get more sunlight energy than the lower slope of the lower latitude, so the southern hot crops can be transplanted to the southern slope of the north to grow. Light intensity also varies within an ecosystem. In general, the light intensity will gradually weaken from top to bottom in the ecosystem. Because the canopy absorbs a lot of solar energy, the utilization of solar energy by the lower plants is limited, so the vertical stratification of an ecosystem is It depends on the community itself and also on the total amount of solar energy it receives.
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